ABSTRACT
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of contracting TB, particularly when in high tuberculosis (TB) burden settings. Routine surveillance data and evidence are limited on the burden of TB amongst HCWs in Indonesia. We aimed to measure the prevalence of TB infection (TBI) and disease among HCWs in four healthcare facilities in Yogyakarta province in Indonesia, and explore risk factors for TBI. A cross-sectional TB screening study targeted all HCWs from four pre-selected facilities (1 hospital, 3 primary care) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Voluntary screening included symptom assessment, Chest X-ray (CXR), Xpert MTB/RIF (if indicated) and tuberculin skin test (TST). Analyses were descriptive and included multivariable logistic regression. Of 792 HCWs, 681 consented (86%) to the screening; 59% (n = 401) were female, 62% were medical staff (n = 421), 77% worked in the one participating hospital (n = 524), and the median time working in the health sector was 13 years (IQR: 6-25 years). Nearly half had provided services for people with TB (46%, n = 316) and 9% reported ever having TB (n = 60). Among participants with presumptive TB (15%, n = 99/662), none were diagnosed microbiologically or clinically with active TB disease. TBI was detected in 25% (95% CI: 22-30; n = 112/441) of eligible HCWs with a TST result. A significant association was found between TB infection and being male (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.02 (95%CI: 1.29-3.17)), currently working in the participating hospital compared to primary care (aOR 3.15 (95%CI: 1.75-5.66)), and older age (1.05 OR increase per year of life between 19-73 years (95%CI: 1.02-1.06)). This study supports prioritisation of HCWs as a high-risk group for TB infection and disease, and the need for comprehensive prevention and control programs in Indonesia. Further, it identifies characteristics of HCWs in Yogyakarta at higher risk of TBI, who could be prioritised in screening programs if universal coverage of prevention and control measures cannot be achieved.
Subject(s)
Latent Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis , Humans , Male , Female , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Indonesia/epidemiology , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculin Test , Risk Factors , Health PersonnelABSTRACT
Community service has been carried out in RW 12 Kel. Merjosari Malang to increase the potential and participation of the community in health environment. The increase in the number of COVID-19 patients in Malang Raya, about 3,378 people, presents that the COVID-19 virus has increased drastically both number of patients confirmed positive and patients who died. The problems faced by partners are not understanding the COVID-19 disease, weak resources, limited funds, and difficulty accessing information. The method is socialization by conducting discussions, optimizing citizen resources, monitoring and evaluation. The result is conducting discussions, developing resources, providing training, providing counseling and assistance. Citizen involvement is to provide a place to install spraying equipment, maintain spraying facilities, provide a place to conduct training, provide human resources ready to be trained voluntarily. Citizens' anxiety and restlessness were slightly reduced by increased community understanding. Citizens give a positive assessment of service. This is proven by the percentage of residents giving a positive rating on average 95.68%, consisting of 95.33% giving a positive response, and 4.67% giving a negative response.